PCB antenna width and wavelength calculation
PCB antennas play a crucial role in electronic product design, and their performance directly affects the effectiveness of the product. As one of the important parameters of the antenna, PCB antenna width also plays a crucial role in PCB antennas. This article will introduce how to calculate PCB antenna width and its related knowledge.
1、 About PCB antennas
PCB antenna is an antenna structure arranged on the Printed Circuit Board, which is simpler than traditional antennas and does not require processing and production like traditional antennas. It can be directly achieved through the copper layer of the PCB. Due to the fact that PCB antennas can be embedded in circuit boards and can be flexibly arranged according to needs, the use of PCB antennas in some small electronic products can greatly reduce the size of the product.
2、 The Role of Width in PCB Antennas
PCB antenna width, as one of the key parameters of the antenna, is crucial for its antenna performance. In PCB antennas, width mainly affects two aspects: impedance matching and current distribution.
Firstly, impedance matching is introduced. The wider the antenna width, the stronger its conductivity. Therefore, during signal transmission, the antenna width directly affects the two parameters of resistance and inductance. In PCB antennas, there is often a mismatch between the resistance and inductance values, and impedance matching is required for the PCB antenna. Adjusting the width of the PCB antenna is one of the ways.
Secondly, the current distribution is introduced. The signal transmitted by the PCB antenna is essentially an electromagnetic wave signal, and in the electromagnetic wave signal, the distribution of current generates a magnetic field. In PCB antennas, the distribution of current directly affects the distribution of magnetic field, which in turn affects the performance of the antenna. The influence of magnetic field distribution varies at different frequencies, so it is necessary to design a reasonable width for PCB antennas according to actual needs.
3、 How to calculate PCB antenna width
In PCB antenna design, calculating the width of a PCB antenna requires considering multiple factors, including operating frequency, circuit board dielectric constant, PCB board thickness, and so on. Below is a brief introduction to how to calculate PCB antenna width.
Firstly, the operating frequency of the PCB antenna needs to be selected, and then according to the formula: λ= Calculate wavelength using (C/f) ^ (1/2) λ， Where C is the speed of light and f is the operating frequency of the antenna.
Secondly, it is necessary to select the dielectric constant of the circuit board ε， Normally, the dielectric constant ε Approximately between 3 and 4.
Then, the thickness h of the PCB board needs to be calculated.
Finally, calculate the width of the PCB antenna according to the formula: W=（ λ/ (2*π))*(( ε+ 1)/2)*((h/ λ)+ 1)。
It should be noted that the above calculation formula only considers the case where the PCB antenna is a single row PCB antenna. If double or multiple row PCB antennas are needed, corresponding corrections need to be made.
In summary, as one of the key parameters in electronic product design, PCB antenna width plays a crucial role in PCB antenna design. When calculating the width of PCB antennas, multiple factors need to be considered, including operating frequency, circuit board dielectric constant, PCB board thickness, and so on. By designing a reasonable PCB antenna width, the performance of the antenna can be improved, thereby affecting the overall effectiveness of the product.
